Isn’t that what cryptic crosswords do? The wordplay leads fairly to gooseberry + bushes and the setter needs to find a creative but not unfair definition to match it because something straight such as ‘shrubs’ would make the surface reading nonsense. ‘Repeated growth’ in the sense of economic or political improvement matches the wordplay and can also be a creative description of the solution.
The fact that it applies to other things apart from gooseberry bushes is irrelevant.
Bloomer when dad gets extremely panicky (5)
Would you say, why not daisy or marigold or loaf or faux pas or rosacea? That’s more specific than the Times clue, but still the same principle as far as I can see.
Would you ask what would differentiate from a daisy or tulip or