As usual, having spent at least three hours on this, I am less than half way and can make no sense of the "replacements" whatsoever. I am getting real mad at 12 dn, having solved the clue!
10 dn has me stumped- though I know (now!!!) Carnegie Mellon is a univeristy. Does it begin with a "Y" ??
I really, really don't like homophones! Am trying (as you all know!)
A word of warning: two of the altered entries don't change the original letter count (I think that should have been pointed out by the setter), and one of these I had to search for and change, because it's a non-crossing letter that alters it.